Historically, the concept of income has first appeared in economics. Adam Smith, in the wealth of nations, defined income as "the amount of consumption that is not eroded by capital", and saw it as an increase in wealth. Later, most economists inherited and developed this view. 1890, ai (Alfred Marshall Maarshell) in its "the principles of economics," the Adam Smith's "wealth increase" enterprise, introduced the concept of earnings, is proposed to distinguish the entity capital and value-added benefits of economic benefits. In general, the banking sector is healthier. While some banks are struggling, a lot of lenders have witnessed improvements in operations. The following outstanding banks are chosen as determined by eight measures on financial health including net interest margin, return on average equity, nonperforming loans, and reserves being a number of NPLs. Before the law came into force, start-ups could only raise money from qualified investors, and everyone was eligible to become a start-up investor after the jobs bill came into force. This refers to the industrial handicraft industry from the feudal society to the early stage of capitalism. In the 16th century to the 17th century, some western countries of the feudal social system to the system of capitalism, capitalist primitive accumulation is accelerated, deprived of farmers' land on a large scale, make cottage industry collapse, sharply to capitalism works system transformation. Industrial handicraft industry is the embryonic form of enterprise. All of the cameras reviewed below possess the standard features - Exposure Control (Bulb, Manual, Shutter-priority, Aperture-priority, Auto, Depth of Field), Shooting Modes (Close-up, Landscape, Sports, Portrait and Night), Metering Modes (Spot, Partial, Evaluative, Center-weighted), shoot in RAW, RAW+JPEG and JPEG, White Balance Control and Exposure Compensation. Most provide an 18-55mm, f/3.5-5.6 kit lens as standard. BMO capital markets in the report pointed out that because of interest, inflation hedge and global easing monetary policy to offset the strong dollar, 2018, gold prices are expected to average $1280 an ounce. But the fed's proposed slow, steady rate hike will curb investor demand and limit the upside potential.