But even at its lowest point, interest rates were just 0.18 percentage points higher, not a quarter-point rise in interest rates. With the expansion of the global economy, Mr Trump may hope that tax cuts and deregulation will spur enough growth and create enough jobs that he will boast about. A 2 per cent potential growth rate does not necessarily help his blue-collar base, but it could at least push the stock market to its highest ever level. Although, of course, including republican all mainstream economists agree that, regardless of his policies, potential growth rate will remain at about 2%, still trump will claim that the U.S. economy can grow at 4%. Originated in ancient human market trading place for a fixed period of time or place, after the urban growth and prosperity, live in the city of adjacent area farmers, craftsmen, artisans, will start to deal with each other and contribute to the economy of the city. Obvious, the best way to trade is in the city there is a centralized, as market, can let the people in the provision of goods and business services, convenient for people to find goods and business contacts. When a city's market becomes large and more open, the city's economic vitality is also relatively growing. From the total formula of capital, G- w-g, the surplus value is created in the process of direct production, which is also realized in the process of circulation. So, it seems to capitalist surplus value is the proliferation of all capital in advance, because (1) as for the cost of capital, in order to produce goods, he not only to advance capital to buy the Labour force, but also bought consumed in the process of production of a variety of means of production, these fees by capital purchase price as a factor of production to join the formation of the cost price; (2) in terms of the capital, capital purchased in advance of production and labor under the direction and supervision of the capitalists, in the process of production, play the function of the production of surplus value, not only the cost of capital is involved in the formation of the surplus value, and all the upfront capital as the material factors of production (including those not yet take fixed capital), in the whole process of production, to participate in the formation process of the surplus value, therefore, all the capital should be paid in advance. The residual value is not only the increase of the capital, but also the total capital increase. These are all distorted surface phenomena. In fact, the value of proliferation is just hired laborers in the process of production created the new value of the cost of living, the balance after deduct the labor price (wages), as the proliferation of alterable capital or hire workers free of charge for the rest of the product of Labour, is surplus value. The surplus value, as a product of the concept of total prepaid capital, is the transformation form of profit.