In the fifth stage, the national standard of motor vehicle gasoline is equivalent to the current standard in Europe, which meets the requirements of the standard of gasoline vehicle pollutant emission in the fifth stage. According to the ministry of reform, the ministry of finance and the ministry of environmental protection, the ministry of environmental protection and the ministry of environmental protection issued a notice on the issuance of a plan for the upgrading of refined oil products, and expanded the scope of the implementation of the five standards of automobile and diesel oil. Starting from January 1, 2016, China's eastern region is fully supplied with five standard vehicle gasoline (including E10 ethanol gasoline). Starting from January 1, 2017, the nationwide supply of motor vehicles (including E10 ethanol gasoline) that meet the standard of China's fifth standard will be fully supplied, while the domestic sales of the five standard vehicles will be stopped at the same time. (1) spiritual gain -- spiritual satisfaction; Followed by Edwards and bear published in his 1961 book "the theory of corporate earnings and measurement of the current operating profit is defined as the sales revenue more than the amount of current production and cost of sales, which can realize the cost savings is in this issue of asset price increases, which can realize the history of the cost savings are the pin commodity costs and the difference between the current purchase price; The realized capital gains are the amount of sales revenue greater than the historical cost when dealing with long-term assets. They argue that "these incremental sums provide investors with a reasonable starting point for measuring the scale of relative affluence and a detailed analysis of the company's operating results and comparable financial conditions". They stress that any full income analysis should take into account both realized and unrealized benefits and classify them by source. When are advantageous to occur, such as no record, will not only lead to current income can't reflect, but also can lead to later to sell assets to income and related costs to wrong ratio; Operating earnings and, on the other hand, the production gains is usually produced by different management decisions, and adopted different circulation form, therefore, make the same comment on both, will weaken the role of the income statement. Agency workers are collectively underpaid by £400m a year compared to their full-time counterparts, with the pay gap costing temporary admin staff £990 a year on average, according to new research. As hicks income concept did not specify what is called "equal wealth", and thus the income concept formed the basis of many debates concept, and the theory of accounting earnings, especially the capital preservation theory has a great influence. In accounting, people used to call "maintaining the same level of affluence" as capital preservation. This sharp reversal contrasts with the flattening of the previous yield curve.