carnival valor tonnage Followed by Edwards and bear published in his 1961 book "the theory of corporate earnings and measurement of the current operating profit is defined as the sales revenue more than the amount of current production and cost of sales, which can realize the cost savings is in this issue of asset price increases, which can realize the history of the cost savings are the pin commodity costs and the difference between the current purchase price; The realized capital gains are the amount of sales revenue greater than the historical cost when dealing with long-term assets. They argue that "these incremental sums provide investors with a reasonable starting point for measuring the scale of relative affluence and a detailed analysis of the company's operating results and comparable financial conditions". They stress that any full income analysis should take into account both realized and unrealized benefits and classify them by source. When are advantageous to occur, such as no record, will not only lead to current income can't reflect, but also can lead to later to sell assets to income and related costs to wrong ratio; Operating earnings and, on the other hand, the production gains is usually produced by different management decisions, and adopted different circulation form, therefore, make the same comment on both, will weaken the role of the income statement. Money supply is determined by the central bank of exogenous variables, the demand for money depends on the liquidity preference of people, when people's liquidity preference to enhance tend to increase the money hold, so rates are determined by the liquidity preference in joint decision currency demand and currency supply; Loanable ZiJinLun combines the first two interest rate determinism, that interest rate is determined by the supply and demand of loanable funds, including the total savings and new bank money supply and demand including the total investment and new currency demand, interest rate decision depends on common commodity market and money market equilibrium With the real success of the trump tax reform bill, investors in the short term focus more on whether the market has already digested this benefit.