This gland usually concerning the size a pea. It is located in the brain's base just below the hypothalamus. It is considered the king of the endocrine system. This 'master gland", as it is known, produces hormones that handle controlling a great many other endocrine glands. Seasonal changes, emotions and a number of other facts influence the secretion and output of pituitary hormones. This is done with the brain sensing information and so the hypothalamus providing these details on the pituitary. The pituitary is two parts: the posterior lobe along with the anterior lobe. The anterior lobe regulates adrenal, thyroid and reproductive gland activity. It also creates a various hormones, such as prolactin, corticotropin, growth hormones and thyrotropin. Endorphins are also secreted by this gland, and yes it controls a female's menstrual period and ovulation. The posterior lobe releases the antidiuretic hormone and this is responsible for controlling water balance by the body processes. It also produces oxytocin, which is responsible for stimulating contractions during childbirth. Gout - A type of arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body. This can stay in the joints (usually affecting the big toe), but can develop in any joint. It can cause severe pain, redness and swelling. Getting All the Above